Byte magazine referred to these three as the "1977 Trinity" of personal computing. Growth and development Īpple II, TRS-80 and Commodore PET were first generation personal home computers launched in 1977, which were aimed at the consumer market – rather than businessmen or computer hobbyists. These were generally expensive specialized computers sold for business or scientific uses. The IBM 5100 in 1975 had a small CRT display and could be programmed in BASIC and APL. The Wang 2200 of 1973 had a full-size cathode ray tube (CRT) and cassette tape storage. The HP 9800 series, which started out as programmable calculators in 1971 but was programmable in BASIC by 1972, used a smaller version of a minicomputer design based on ROM memory and had small one-line LED alphanumeric displays and displayed graphics with a plotter. 1970 saw the introduction of the Datapoint 2200, a "smart" computer terminal complete with keyboard and monitor, was designed to connect with a mainframe computer but that didn't stop owners from using its built-in computational abilities as a stand-alone desktop computer. It was not until the 1970s when fully programmable computers appeared that could fit entirely on top of a desk. Minicomputers generally fit into one or a few refrigerator-sized racks. Early computers took up the space of a whole room. Prior to the widespread use of microprocessors, a computer that could fit on a desk was considered remarkably small the type of computers most commonly used were minicomputers, which were extremely large.
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